Scientific name: Spea hammondii

Common name: Western Spadefoot Toad

Size: 1.5-2.95 in (3.8-7.5 cm)

Distinguishing characters: A relatively smooth-skinned species; eye is pale gold with vertical pupil; green or grey dorsum often with skin tubercles tipped in orange; whitish color on venter; wedge-shaped black spade on each hind foot.

Juveniles: Similar to adults, but spotting more distinct.

Dimorphism: None

Similar species: Bufo boreas: Has white dorsal stripe and pronounced parotoid glands.

Additional notes: Populations are localized, but widespread. Prefers grassland, scrub and chaparral locally but could occur in oak woodlands. Nocturnal. Activity limited to wet season, summer storms, or during evenings with elevated substrate moisture levels. Easily handled, with less skin secretions than other toad species in study area. Their secretions smell like peanut butter and may cause sneezing.

Photos by Chris Brown

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